Morpho-Molecular Discordance? Re-Approaching Systematics of Cambeva (Siluriformes: Trichomycteridae) from the Guaratuba-Babitonga-Itapocu Area, Southern Brazil

A recent field inventory focusing on catfishes of the trichomycterine genus Cambeva detected occurrence two morphotypes, C. barbosae and cubataonis, in Guaratuba-Babitonga-Itapocu area (GBIA) southern Brazil, reporting some discordance with results coalescent-based approaches for species delimitation that indicated different estimates number. Contrastingly, based examination characters taken from external morphology osteology, we here recognised six GBIA: cf. botuvera, a polymorphic geographically widespread species; endemic to Rio Cubatão do Norte; four new species, Itapocu basin, one Baía de Babitonga system Guaratuba system. We performed molecular phylogenetic analysis indicating comprises three major clades, alpha-, beta- gama-clades, botuvera clade comprising cubataonis belonging beta-clade another gama-clade. concluded are not fact incongruent study when taxa correctly identified by representative sample morphological characters, highlighting importance osteological delimiting species.